Which of the following is not a principle of motivational interviewing?

Paraphrasing, while a valuable communication skill, is not recognized as one of the core principles of motivational interviewing. Motivational interviewing is founded on four main principles: developing discrepancy, rolling with resistance, expressing empathy, and supporting self-efficacy.

Developing discrepancy involves helping clients identify the gap between their current behaviors and their broader goals or values, which can motivate change. Rolling with resistance emphasizes the importance of accepting and working with client resistance rather than confronting it directly. Expressing empathy is crucial in establishing a trusting relationship where clients feel understood, which can facilitate openness to change.

Paraphrasing is often used as a technique within these principles to demonstrate understanding or to clarify what the client has said, but it does not stand alone as a principle in the same way the others do. Thus, while paraphrasing can be helpful during motivational interviewing sessions, it is the principles of discrepancy, resistance, and empathy that form the foundational elements of this counseling approach.